城市河流系统治理策略在鹅颈水生态修复中的应用

在简要介绍城市河流系统治理策略的基础上，详细论述其在鹅颈水生态修复中的应用。鹅颈水治理以流域为空间单位，准确把握河流主要问题，综合考量水资源、水安全、水环境、水生态、水文化，坚持工程和非工程措施并重，分阶段逐步实现洪水风险管理、外源污染控制、河流水质修复、河流生态系统恢复的目标。结果表明，鹅颈水目前已基本消除黑臭，水质逐渐提升至国家地表水Ⅳ类水标准。提出进一步加强河流生态系统恢复、优化管理制度、逐步建立全过程和全指标生态监测评估体系、实施弹性管理等鹅颈水系统治理措施。     

聚合物类反相破乳剂研究现状

根据带电性的不同,聚合物类反相破乳剂可以分为阳离子、阴离子、非离子型。本文主要针对油田含油污水处理用聚合物类反相破乳剂进行综述,分析了不同类型反相破乳剂的合成途径以及应用效果。     

关于建筑材料检测和质量控制的探讨

我们国家每个方面都在逐渐的发展与进步,对建筑方面的要求也逐渐变得严格,与此同时在建筑工程中使用新用材和技术的现象也逐渐变得越来越常见。建筑用材的整体质量不仅仅能直接影响到建筑工程的质量,还与污染有很大的关系,因此对用材进行质量检测是非常重要的。本篇文章对建筑用材的检测进行了分析,并阐述了检测技术的要点,同时提出了具有针对性的对策。     

溶液法合成的功能无机材料氧化镍对钙钛矿太阳能电池光电性能的影响

功能无机材料氧化镍 （NiO_x） 作为钙钛矿太阳能电池中最有前途的空穴传输材料之一，其有着高空穴迁移率、良好的稳定性、易于加工以及适合的费米能级等优点。但是，由于 NiO_x自身固有电导率低，Ni空位的电离能相当大，未掺杂的 NiO_x中空穴密度受到很大限制，加上孔洞的积累增加了载流子复合的可能，从而降低了有效的电荷收集。因此，优化 NiO_x薄膜的成膜质量是解决上述问题的关键。本文通过溶液法使用乙二醇甲醚（MEA）、乙醇（EA）和去离子水作为溶液，分别制备了 DME-NiO_x、EA-NiO_x 和 NCs-NiO_x 薄膜，并在浓度调节范围内对基于 NiO_x的钙钛矿器件进行优化，最终得到了光电转化效率 （PCE） 为 18.50%，开路电压 (V_oc) 为 1.034 V，短路电流 (J_sc) 为 22.94 mA/cm²，填充因子 （FF） 为 78% ...     

温和地区实际服役水工混凝土的抗冻性检验标准研究

为提高温和地区已建工程水工混凝土的抗冻性检验水平，结合该类地区广泛应用的设计抗冻等级（F50和F100），以及泵站、闸坝等典型水工建筑物普遍使用的强度等级（C25、C30和C35），设计了硬化含气量梯度变化的多种二级配混凝土。通过硬化气孔参数测试、冻融循环试验和回归分析，探讨了各参数之间的关联性和硬化含气量的控制标准；并在扬州市某泵站工程取芯试验对该标准进行可行性论证。室内试验表明，混凝土相对动弹模量与硬化含气量有着较好的对数相关关系；对于C25、C30和C35水工混凝土，F50抗冻等级的硬化含气量应分别不低于1.4%、1.1%和1.1%;F100抗冻等级的硬化含气量应分别不低于2.4%、2.4%和2.0%。工程现场取芯试验结果表明，该标准具有较强的实用性。     

Investigation on the nickel content design and the corrosion resistance of low alloy steel welded joint in tropical marine atmosphere environment

In this study, three kinds of welding materials (WMs) with different Ni contents were designed for low alloy steel welded joints made by CO₂ gas-shielded welding technique. The corrosion resistance of welded joint was studied through the atmosphere exposure test in Trat, Thailand. Results show that there was a hardening in the heat-affected zone after welding, and the average hardness slightly increased with the increase of Ni in WM. The electrochemical activity at the fusion line zone enhanced with the addition of Ni in WM, indicating a more obvious local galvanic corrosion effect there. Ni promoted the generation of NiFe₂O₄ and the transformation from γ-FeOOH to α-FeOOH, which increased the impedance modulus of the rust film on WM. More important, the corrosion performance assessment illustrated that the addition of Ni in WM hardly had an effect on the corrosion step values after half a year test, which confirmed that there is no need to add excessive content of Ni.     

A General Strategy for Antimony-Based Alloy Nanocomposite Embedded in Swiss-Cheese-Like Nitrogen-Doped Porous Carbon for Energy Storage

Due to its suitable working voltage and high theoretical storage capacity, antimony is considered a promising negative electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) and has attracted widespread attention. The volume effect during cycling, however, will cause the antimony anode to undergo a severe structural collapse and a rapid decrease in capacity. Here, a general in situ self-template-assisted strategy is proposed for the rational design and preparation of a series of M Sb (M = Ni, Co, or Fe) nanocomposites with M N C coordination, which are firmly anchored on Swiss-cheese-like nitrogen-doped porous carbon as anodes for LIBs. The large interface pore network structure, the introduction of heteroatoms, and the formation of strong metal N C bonds effectively enhance their electronic conductivity and structural integrity, and provide abundant interfacial lithium storage. The experimental results have proved the high rate performance and excellent cycling stability of antimony-based composite materials. Electrochemical kinetics studies have demonstrated that the increase in capacity during cycling is mainly controlled by the diffusion mechanism rather than the pseudocapacitance contribution. This facile strategy can provide a new pathway for low-cost and high-yield synthesis of Sb-based composites with high performance, and is expected to be applied in other energy-related fields such as sodium-/potassium-ion batteries or electrocatalysis.     

认知双向中继网络在κ-μ衰落信道下的中断性能分析

针对认知双向中继网络在进行数据传输时面临的复杂无线信道场景问题,采用广义κ-μ分布构建认知双向中继网络中的视距和非视距无线传输信道,推导次网络在κ-μ衰落信道下的统一中断概率,并分析次网络在多种单一和混合衰落信道情况下的中断性能。仿真结果表明,无线信道的衰落程度对次网络的中断概率影响显著,依据衰落信道类型合理设置网络参数将有助于提升次网络中断性能。